Adrenaline

Dosage Forms Available

• Adrenaline is available as an injectable solution (intramuscular (IM), intravenous (IV), and subcutaneous (SC) routes) and by inhalation (nebulised solution).

Age and Dose Restrictions

• This medicine is meant for both adults and children of age above 12 years.

Contraindications

• Adrenaline should not be used in patients with known hypersensitivity to it or its excipients.

• It is contraindicated in individuals with narrow-angle glaucoma.

Other Medications to Avoid

• Adrenaline can interact with beta-blockers (such as propranolol and metoprolol), alpha-blockers (such as prazosin and terazosin), tricyclic antidepressants (like amitriptyline and nortriptyline) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (such as selegiline and phenelzine).

Overdose and Missed Dose

• An overdose of Adrenaline can cause severe cardiovascular complications like high blood pressure, irregular heartbeat, and even heart attack. If a person suspects an overdose, they should seek immediate medical attention.

• If a dose of Adrenaline is missed, it should be administered as soon as possible. However, if it is nearly time for the next dose, the missed dose should be skipped.

Management of Side Effects

Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.

• For side effects like anxiety or restlessness, it may be beneficial to administer the medication in a calm and comfortable environment.

• If you experience nausea or vomiting, administering the medication with food may help.

Use in Driving and Operating Machinery

• Adrenaline can cause temporary side effects such as dizziness and nervousness, which may affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. If you experience these side effects, avoid engaging in these activities until the effects subside.

Use in Pregnancy and Lactation

• Adrenaline can be used in pregnancy when the benefits outweigh the risks. It should only be used under direct medical supervision during pregnancy and lactation.

• It is always advisable to consult a doctor before using this medicine during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Caution in Other Conditions

• Patients with existing cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, or hyperthyroidism should use Adrenaline with caution.

• Elderly patients should also exercise caution while using this medication due to their increased susceptibility to side effects.

Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations

• Ensure sufficient fluid intake to avoid dehydration which can exacerbate some of the side effects of Adrenaline like dizziness and nausea.

• Practice stress management techniques such as deep breathing exercises, meditation, and yoga to help manage the stress response that can be triggered by Adrenaline.

• Maintain a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains to support overall health.