Cloxacillin
Uses of Cloxacillin
The primary use of Cloxacillin is to manage bacterial infections caused by susceptible bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus and other gram-positive organisms. It is a beta-lactam antibiotic, which is part of the penicillin group of antibiotics.
Other uses include managing skin and soft tissue infections, bone and joint infections, respiratory tract infections, endocarditis and bacteraemia caused by susceptible strains of Staphylococcus aureus, meningitis caused by susceptible staphylococci and streptococci, urinary tract infections, and ear, nose, and throat infections.
Side effects of Cloxacillin
Gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and abdominal pain
Hypersensitivity reactions such as rash, urticaria, fever, and joint pains
Temporary increases in liver enzymes
Pain and inflammation at injection sites
How Cloxacillin works
Cloxacillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic, which is part of the penicillin group of antibiotics.
It acts by obstructing the formation of bacterial cell walls. Cloxacillin attaches to and deactivates proteins, known as penicillin-binding proteins, on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. This prevents the proteins from performing their task of linking up the main components of the cell wall, making it weaker. As a result, the bacteria are unable to maintain the integrity of their cell walls, leading to their rupture and death.
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Cloxacillin is available for oral use as (capsules and syrup). It is also available for preparing solutions for intramuscular and intravenous administration (powder).
Age and Dose Restrictions
Cloxacillin is meant for adults and children.
Contraindications
Cloxacillin should not be administered to patients with a known allergy to any penicillin antibiotic. It is also contraindicated in patients with a history of allergies, asthma, and hay fever.
Other Medications to Avoid
Cloxacillin may interact with oral contraceptives (such as norethisterone), anticoagulants (like warfarin), and antimetabolites (such as methotrexate). It can also interact with uricosurics (such as probenecid), NSAIDs (like ibuprofen and diclofenac), and aminoglycosides (such as neomycin).
Overdose and Missed Dose
In case of an overdose of Cloxacillin, symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and seizures. Consult your doctor immediately if these symptoms appear.
If you forget to take your dose of Cloxacillin, take it as soon as you remember. However, do not double up on doses if it's near the time for your next dose.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drink plenty of fluids to manage gastrointestinal disturbances like nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea.
Rest and refrain from strenuous activity if you feel weak or tired after taking the medicine.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Cloxacillin does not usually affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. However, if you feel dizzy or sleepy after taking this medicine, avoid driving or operating machinery until these effects have worn off.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Cloxacillin is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy. It should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed and prescribed by a doctor. During lactation, cloxacillin is excreted in small amounts into breast milk and is typically considered safe for breastfeeding mothers. However, caution is advised. Always consult your doctor before using cloxacillin during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
Caution in Other Conditions
Cloxacillin should be used cautiously in patients with significant renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 10 mL/min). It should also be used with caution in patients with hepatic impairment and bleeding disorders.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
To help manage bacterial infections, maintain good hygiene practices to prevent the spread of bacteria.
Drink plenty of water to help flush out toxins from your system.
Regular, moderate physical activity can also help boost your immune system.
Frequently asked questions
Can Cloxacillin impact my sleep?
There is no known impact of Cloxacillin on sleep. However, if you experience unusual drowsiness or insomnia after taking this medicine, you should consult your doctor.
Will taking Cloxacillin have any effect on my fertility?
Cloxacillin is not known to impact fertility. However, if you have concerns about this, it would be best to discuss them with your doctor.
Is it safe to take Cloxacillin every day?
Cloxacillin should be taken as directed by your doctor, who will prescribe the medication depending on the type and severity of the infection being managed.
How long does it take for Cloxacillin to start working?
The onset of action for Cloxacillin can vary depending on the type of infection and individual patient factors. It would be incorrect to suggest a specific time frame without knowledge of these variables.
What is the best time to take Cloxacillin?
The best time to take Cloxacillin is decided by your doctor based on your condition.
What is the duration of treatment with Cloxacillin?
The duration of treatment with Cloxacillin varies depending on the type and severity of the infection and should be determined by your doctor.
Is Cloxacillin available over the counter, or do I need a prescription?
Cloxacillin usually requires a prescription and is not typically available over the counter.
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