Diphenhydramine
Uses of Diphenhydramine
The primary use of Diphenhydramine is to provide relief from symptoms of allergies, hay fever, and the common cold. It is an antihistamine medication.
Additionally, it is used to prevent and manage motion sickness symptoms, treat insomnia, and control abnormal movements in people with Parkinson's disease or those experiencing movement issues due to certain medications.
Side effects of Diphenhydramine
Drowsiness
Dizziness
Constipation
Stomach upset
Blurred vision
How Diphenhydramine works
Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine.
It works by acting as an inverse agonist of the histamine H1 receptor. Simply put, it binds to these receptors in certain cells like the mast cells and in smooth muscle cells of bronchial tubes, gastrointestinal tract, and blood vessels. This prevents the normal binding of histamine, a chemical that triggers allergy symptoms like itching, sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes.
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Diphenhydramine is available in various forms for oral administration such as tablets, capsules, and liquid-filled capsules, dissolving strips, powder, chewable tablets, dissolving tablets and liquid that can be taken by mouth.
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is used in adults, as well as children aged 2 years and above.
Contraindications
Diphenhydramine is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to it or any of its components.
It should not be used in patients with breathing problems, glaucoma, heart problems, high blood pressure, liver disease, seizures, stomach/intestinal problems, overactive thyroid or difficulty urinating.
Other Medications to Avoid
Diphenhydramine can interact with opioids (such as morphine and codeine), sleeping pills (such as zolpidem and eszopiclone), muscle relaxants (like baclofen and tizanidine) and other antihistamines (like cetirizine and fexofenadine).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdosing on Diphenhydramine may cause severe drowsiness, seizures or widened pupils. In children, restlessness and hallucinations may occur. We advise seeking immediate medical attention if such symptoms occur.
If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as you remember. However, do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless; they resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects let your doctor know.
Drinking plenty of water may help to manage some side effects like dry mouth and constipation.
If you experience drowsiness, you can try taking the medication before bedtime.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Diphenhydramine may cause drowsiness or dizziness. Therefore, it is advisable to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how this medication impacts you.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Use of Diphenhydramine during pregnancy should be considered only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the foetus.
As it may pass into breast milk, nursing mothers should consult a doctor before using this medicine.
Caution in Other Conditions
Diphenhydramine should be used with caution in patients with liver or kidney disease as they may need dosage adjustments.
Individuals with cardiovascular disease should also exercise caution while using this medicine due to the possibility of increased heart rate.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Maintaining a well-balanced diet can help manage symptoms of allergies, common cold, or hay fever that Diphenhydramine is used to relieve.
Regular sleep routines may help manage insomnia.
For patients who use this medicine to prevent motion sickness, it might be helpful to look straight ahead when travelling.
Frequently asked questions
Does Diphenhydramine provide relief from motion sickness?
Yes, Diphenhydramine is often used to prevent and manage symptoms of motion sickness such as nausea, vomiting, and dizziness.
Can Diphenhydramine affect my vision?
One of the side effects of Diphenhydramine can be blurred vision. It may also cause drowsiness, so it is advisable to avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how this medicine affects you.
Is Diphenhydramine a steroid?
No, Diphenhydramine is not a steroid; it is an antihistamine medicine used primarily for the management of allergies, hay fever, and common cold symptoms.
Can Diphenhydramine help me sleep better?
Yes, Diphenhydramine has sedating properties and is sometimes used as a short-term solution for insomnia or other sleep-related problems.
Will Diphenhydramine affect my mood?
Diphenhydramine can potentially cause mood changes as a side effect. These might include restlessness or confusion. If you notice such changes after taking this medicine, consult your doctor.
How long does the effect of Diphenhydramine last?
The effects of Diphenhydramine usually last for 4 to 6 hours. Therefore, it is commonly taken every 4 to 6 hours to manage symptoms effectively.
Is Diphenhydramine available over the counter or do I need a prescription?
Diphenhydramine is commonly available over the counter, but it is always advised to use it under the guidance of a doctor to ensure safe and effective usage.
Diphenhydramine in other salts
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