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Efavirenz

Uses of Efavirenz

  • Efavirenz is primarily used to manage HIV-1 infection in adults and children. It belongs to the class of antiretroviral medicines known as non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs).

  • Besides its main use, Efavirenz also helps to reduce the amount of HIV in the body, thereby allowing the immune system to function better and reducing the risk of HIV complications.

Side effects of Efavirenz

  • Skin rash

  • Dizziness

  • Headache

  • Fatigue

How Efavirenz works

  • Efavirenz belongs to the antiretroviral medicine category and is specifically classified as a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI).

  • It works by interacting directly with the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that the virus uses to replicate itself. This interaction prevents the enzyme from converting the virus's RNA into DNA, thereby halting the replication of the virus.

Certified content

Written By

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Dr. Michelle FrankMedical Content Writer| 8 years

Doctor of Medicine

Reviewed By

Dr. Chhavi Rosha
Dr. Chhavi Rosha Health & Medical Content Writer| 8 years

BMS, FMC, MD Resident

Expert Advice

Dosage Forms Available

  • Efavirenz can be taken orally (capsule and tablet).

Age and Dose Restrictions

  • Efavirenz can be used by adults as well as children who weigh at least 40 kg.

Contraindications

  • This medicine is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to Efavirenz or any of its ingredients.

Other Medications to Avoid

  • Efavirenz may interact with antifungal agents (such as voriconazole), anticonvulsants (like carbamazepine, phenytoin), cholesterol-lowering agents (such as simvastatin), blood thinners (like warfarin), and certain antibiotics (like clarithromycin).

Overdose and Missed Dose

  • An overdose of Efavirenz may cause symptoms such as severe dizziness, impaired concentration, and seizures. If you observe these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately.

  • If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it's almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one.

Management of Side Effects

Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening symptoms, please consult your doctor.

  • To manage nausea or vomiting, try taking this medicine with a light snack or milk.

  • Taking this medicine at bedtime can help reduce symptoms like dizziness or confusion.

Use in Driving and Operating Machinery

  • Efavirenz may cause dizziness or difficulty concentrating. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how this medicine affects you.

Use in Pregnancy and Lactation

  • Efavirenz is not recommended for use during the first trimester of pregnancy due to potential risks to the unborn baby. Consult your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.

Caution in Other Conditions

  • Caution should be exercised when using Efavirenz in patients with liver disease, history of seizures, or psychiatric conditions.

Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations

  • It might be beneficial to adhere to a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean protein, and whole grains as this can boost your immune system.

  • Regular medical check-ups are necessary to monitor your health condition.

Frequently asked questions

No, Efavirenz is not a steroid. It belongs to the antiretroviral medicine category and is specifically classified as a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI).

Yes, one of the common side effects of Efavirenz can include sleep disorders, such as insomnia or abnormal dreams.

Efavirenz is not typically associated with affecting fertility. However, as it is used in the management of HIV-1 infection, it's always advisable to discuss this with your doctor.

Yes, Efavirenz is generally safe if taken daily, as per your doctor's instructions. Do not adjust the dose or stop taking the medicine without consulting your doctor.

Efavirenz begins to work soon after you start taking it. However, it may take several weeks to notice a significant decrease in your viral load.

Efavirenz is usually taken at bedtime on an empty stomach. Always follow your doctor's instructions about timing and dosage.

The duration of treatment with Efavirenz varies depending on individual needs and response to therapy. Always follow your doctor's instructions.

Terms & Conditions


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