Exenatide

Dosage Forms Available

• Exenatide is available for use via the subcutaneous route in the form of immediate-release injections and extended-release injectable suspensions.

Age and Dose Restrictions

• This medicine is meant for use in adults only.

Contraindications

• Exenatide is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any of its components, personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma, multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2, and end-stage renal disease or severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min)

Other Medications to Avoid

• Exenatide can interact with blood glucose-lowering medications (such as insulin, glipizide), blood pressure lowering medications (such as lisinopril, metoprolol), and gastrointestinal medications (such as antacids, omeprazole). It may also interact with antibiotics (such as ciprofloxacin, tetracycline).

Overdose and Missed Dose

• An overdose of Exenatide may lead to severe nausea, vomiting, and potentially life-threatening pancreatitis. If you suspect an overdose, it is crucial to seek immediate medical attention.
• If you miss a dose of Exenatide, administer it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not administer two doses at the same time to make up for a missed dose.

Management of Side Effects

Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.

• For nausea or decreased appetite, consider adjusting the timing of administration to coincide with meals.
• For minor injection site reactions such as itching or redness, rotating the injection site may help alleviate these issues.

Use in Driving and Operating Machinery

• Exenatide may cause dizziness or headache. It is advisable to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how this medicine affects you.

Use in Pregnancy and Lactation

• The safety of Exenatide during pregnancy and lactation has not been established. It is recommended to use this medicine during pregnancy and breastfeeding only if the potential benefits outweigh the risks.
• Always consult your doctor before using this medicine if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Caution in Other Conditions

• Patients with a history of pancreatitis or moderate renal impairment should exercise caution when using Exenatide.
• Regular monitoring for symptoms of pancreatitis is advised for all patients.

Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations

• Follow a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins to manage type 2 diabetes effectively.
• Regular physical activity can help improve blood glucose control. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week, such as brisk walking.
• Monitor blood glucose levels regularly as advised by your doctor to adjust diet, exercise, and medication effectively.
• Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day, which can help manage blood sugar levels and reduce side effects like nausea.
• Limit intake of processed foods and sugars that can cause spikes in blood glucose levels.
• Consider consulting a dietician for personalised advice on dietary management of type 2 diabetes.