Gentamicin
Uses of Gentamicin
The primary use of Gentamicin is to manage serious infections caused by susceptible aerobic gram-negative bacteria. It belongs to a group of medicines known as aminoglycoside antibiotics.
In addition to this, it is also used to manage respiratory tract infections such as pneumonia and bronchitis, urinary tract infections, skin, soft tissue, bone and joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, and endocarditis prophylaxis during dental procedures. Furthermore, it is used topically to treat eye infections like conjunctivitis, keratitis, corneal ulcers and ear infections like otitis externa.
Side effects of Gentamicin
Kidney damage
Ear damage
Muscle weakness
Nausea and vomiting
Skin rash
How Gentamicin works
Gentamicin is a type of antibiotic known as an aminoglycoside.
It works by binding to specific elements within bacterial cells known as 30S ribosomal proteins and 16S rRNA. This action disrupts protein synthesis in the bacteria, which is critical for their growth and replication. Furthermore, Gentamicin affects the decoding of genetic information in the bacteria, causing errors and resulting in the formation of faulty proteins. Ultimately, these disruptions lead to damage to the bacterial cell membrane and eventually cause the bacterial cells to die. It is worth noting that Gentamicin's action is specifically directed against bacteria, and it does not affect human cells in the same way. This makes it an effective choice for managing various bacterial infections.
Certified content
Written By
BDS, MDS
Reviewed By
Bachelor of Dental Surgery
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Gentamicin is available for use via intravenous or intramuscular route (injections) and topical administration (eye drops, ear drops, creams, and ointments).
Age and Dose Restrictions
Gentamicin is prescribed to both adults and children.
Contraindications
Gentamicin is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to aminoglycosides. It is also contraindicated in patients with myasthenia gravis.
Other Medications to Avoid
Gentamicin can interact with loop diuretics (such as furosemide), cephalosporins (like cefotaxime) and other aminoglycosides (like amikacin).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Gentamicin may cause symptoms such as hearing problems, balance issues, and kidney damage. If these symptoms are observed, consult your doctor immediately.
If you forget to take this medicine, take it as soon as you remember. But avoid doubling the dose to make up for a missed one.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of water can help manage nausea and vomiting.
Resting in a quiet room with low light could help manage headaches.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Gentamicin may cause dizziness or lightheadedness. Therefore, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how the medication affects you.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Gentamicin may cause harm to the fetus if used during pregnancy. Therefore, it should only be used if the potential benefit outweighs the risk. It may also be secreted in breast milk. Therefore, alternatives should be considered for nursing mothers.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with renal impairment or auditory or vestibular impairment should exercise caution when taking Gentamicin.
Dose adjustments and monitoring of medicine levels are recommended in these conditions.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
To manage bacterial infections effectively, maintaining good personal hygiene is crucial. Regular hand washing can prevent the spread of bacteria.
Avoid close contact with people who have an infection to prevent catching or spreading the bacteria.
Frequently asked questions
Is Gentamicin a vegetarian medicine?
Yes, Gentamicin is a vegetarian medicine as it is an antibiotic synthesized in labs and does not contain any animal products or derivatives.
Does Gentamicin influence mood or behaviour?
Gentamicin does not directly affect mood or behaviour. If you notice any changes in your mood or behaviour while taking this medication, consult your doctor immediately.
Does Gentamicin cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms?
No, Gentamicin is not habit-forming and does not cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms. It is an antibiotic and works to manage bacterial infections.
Are there any natural alternatives to Gentamicin?
While there may be natural remedies that can help boost your immune system, they cannot replace the action of an antibiotic like Gentamicin. It is important to take the prescribed medication to effectively manage bacterial infections.
Is Gentamicin safe for people with allergies?
People who are allergic to aminoglycosides should avoid using Gentamicin. If you have any known allergies, inform your doctor before starting this medication.
How long does Gentamicin stay active in the body?
The half-life of Gentamicin, which is the time it takes for half of the medicine to be eliminated from the body, varies from person to person but it generally ranges between 2 and 3 hours.
Will taking Gentamicin affect my menstrual cycle?
Gentamicin does not typically have any effects on the menstrual cycle. If you notice any changes in your menstrual cycle while on this medication, contact your doctor.
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