Irinotecan
Uses of Irinotecan
Irinotecan is primarily used for managing metastatic colorectal cancer and belongs to the group of chemotherapy medicines known as topoisomerase I inhibitors.
It is also indicated for managing colorectal cancer that has recurred or progressed after initial treatment with 5-fluorouracil. Less commonly, it may also be used to manage lung cancer and pancreatic cancer.
Side effects of Irinotecan
Diarrhoea
Nausea and vomiting
Fatigue and weakness
Hair loss
Decreased appetite and weight loss
How Irinotecan works
Irinotecan is a chemotherapy medication.
It works by inhibiting a particular enzyme called topoisomerase I, which is crucial for DNA replication and cell division in cancer cells. By blocking this enzyme, Irinotecan obstructs the multiplication process of these cancer cells, which eventually leads to their demise. Specifically, once inside the body, Irinotecan is converted into an active metabolite named SN-38. This SN-38 binds to and stabilizes the complex between DNA and topoisomerase I, causing DNA damage and subsequent cell death. This way, Irinotecan effectively helps manage cancer by hindering the growth and proliferation of cancer cells.
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Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Irinotecan can be administered intravenously (infusion).
Age and Dose Restrictions
The use of Irinotecan is intended for adults who have been diagnosed with specific types of cancer.
Contraindications
Irinotecan is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to the medicine or any of its components. Patients with specific genetic variations that reduce their ability to metabolize Irinotecan should also avoid this medication due to increased toxicity risks.
Other Medications to Avoid
Irinotecan may interact with other chemotherapy medicines (such as methotrexate, and mitoxantrone), antifungals (like itraconazole, and voriconazole), anticonvulsants (such as phenytoin, and carbamazepine) and herbal supplements (such as St. John's wort)
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Irinotecan may lead to severe side effects like diarrhoea, nausea, and vomiting among others. If you suspect an overdose, immediately contact your doctor for guidance.
If you miss a scheduled dose of Irinotecan, inform your healthcare team promptly. It is typically not recommended to make up for a missed dose without professional guidance.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
To manage the common side effects of nausea and vomiting, try taking the medicine after a meal or snack.
If you experience fatigue and weakness, ensure you have regular rest periods throughout the day.
Staying hydrated can help manage the side effects of diarrhoea.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Irinotecan can cause side effects like dizziness and fatigue. If you experience these symptoms, refrain from driving or operating heavy machinery until you feel better.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Irinotecan is not typically recommended during pregnancy due to potential harm to the foetus. Always consult your doctor before starting this medication if you're pregnant or breastfeeding.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with liver dysfunction or kidney conditions may require dose adjustments and therefore should exercise caution when taking Irinotecan. Always consult your doctor for guidance.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Regular hydration is vital to offset potential side effects like diarrhoea.
To manage fatigue and weakness, ensure adequate rest.
Frequently asked questions
Does Irinotecan affect mood or emotions?
There is no specific information available about Irinotecan affecting mood or emotions. However, undergoing treatment for cancer can be emotionally challenging. It is always worthwhile to discuss any emotional or psychological concerns with your doctor.
Are there any vegetarian or vegan issues with Irinotecan?
Irinotecan is administered as an intravenous infusion and does not contain any animal-derived ingredients. However, if you have dietary preferences or religious beliefs that could affect your treatment, you should discuss these with your doctor.
Does Irinotecan have an effect on menstruation?
There is no specific information that Irinotecan affects menstruation. However, chemotherapy medicines like Irinotecan can affect the ovaries and reduce female fertility. If you are concerned about menstrual changes or fertility, please consult your doctor.
Is there a possibility of becoming addicted to Irinotecan?
No, there is no risk of becoming addicted to Irinotecan. It is a chemotherapy medicine and does not have addictive properties.
Can I take over-the-counter medicines while on Irinotecan?
Some over-the-counter medicines could interact with Irinotecan, affecting how it works or causing side effects. You should always inform your doctor about all medications and supplements you are taking before starting Irinotecan treatment.
Is it possible to develop an allergy to Irinotecan?
Yes, it is possible to develop an allergy to any medicine including Irinotecan. If you experience symptoms like difficulty breathing, rash, itching or swelling after the administration of the medicine, immediately seek medical help.
How long does Irinotecan stay in my system after the treatment is stopped?
The time Irinotecan stays in your system depends on many factors including the dose administered and your metabolic rate. For such specific information, consult your doctor.
List of Medicines for Irinotecan
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