Methimazole
Uses of Methimazole
The primary use of Methimazole is in managing hyperthyroidism, which is a condition where the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormones. It belongs to the thionamide class of antithyroid medications.
Methimazole is indicated for use in various types of hyperthyroidism, including Graves' disease, toxic multinodular goiter, and thyroid nodules. It is also used to prepare patients for thyroidectomy (surgical removal of the thyroid gland) and before radioactive iodine therapy.
Side effects of Methimazole
Skin rash
Joint pain
Nausea
Hair loss
How Methimazole works
Methimazole is an antithyroid medicine.
It works by preventing the activity of an enzyme called thyroperoxidase, which plays a crucial role in the production of thyroid hormones. By blocking this enzyme, Methimazole reduces the production of the thyroid hormones Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4).
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Methimazole is available as an oral medication in the form of tablets. It can be swallowed with water and is usually taken with or without food.
Age and Dose Restrictions
Methimazole is typically prescribed for adults and children above the age of 12 years.
Contraindications
This medicine is contraindicated in individuals who have a known allergy to Methimazole or any other component present in the formulation.
It is also contraindicated in patients with liver disease due to its extensive metabolism in the liver.
Other Medications to Avoid
Methimazole may interact with anticoagulants (such as warfarin), beta-blockers (like propranolol and atenolol), cardiac glycosides (like digoxin) and bronchodilators (such as theophylline).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Methimazole might lead to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, headache, joint pain or skin rash. In such cases, immediate medical assistance should be sought.
If a dose of Methimazole is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, then the missed dose should be skipped.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of water can help manage nausea and vomiting.
Taking the medication with food might decrease stomach upset.
Applying cold compresses can help manage skin rash or itching.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Methimazole does not usually affect your ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or sleepiness after taking this medication, it would be advisable to avoid such activities.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Methimazole should be avoided during the first trimester of pregnancy due to the risk of congenital malformations. As it is secreted in breast milk, caution should be exercised when used by breastfeeding women. Consultation with a doctor is recommended.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with liver disease should exercise caution when taking Methimazole due to its extensive metabolism in the liver.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
A balanced diet rich in fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, lean protein and low-fat dairy products can promote overall health and wellbeing.
Regular physical activity like walking, cycling or swimming can help manage weight and improve overall health.
Regular check-ups and follow-ups with the doctor are necessary for monitoring thyroid levels while on Methimazole therapy.
Frequently asked questions
Is Methimazole a steroid?
No, Methimazole is not a steroid. It is an antithyroid medication that belongs to the thionamide class of medicines.
Is it safe to take Methimazole daily?
Yes, it is safe to take Methimazole daily as per your doctor's instructions and dosage recommendations.
How much time does Methimazole take to work?
Methimazole begins to work within hours of intake by inhibiting the synthesis of thyroid hormones; however, noticeable effects on symptoms may take one to two weeks.
What is the best time to take Methimazole?
The best time to take Methimazole is as directed by your doctor, typically divided into equal doses taken every few hours.
What is the duration of treatment with Methimazole?
The duration of treatment with Methimazole varies among individuals and depends on the severity of hyperthyroidism and the patient's response to medication.
Is Methimazole available over the counter, or do I need a prescription?
Methimazole usually requires a doctor's prescription and isn’t available over the counter.
Does Methimazole have any effect on sleep?
Methimazole does not typically have a direct effect on sleep. However, by managing hyperthyroidism which can cause symptoms like insomnia, it could indirectly improve sleep quality.
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