Mifepristone
Uses of Mifepristone
- Mifepristone is primarily used for medical abortion in the first 10 weeks of pregnancy, often with misoprostol, by blocking hormones that support the pregnancy. It also serves as emergency contraception within 120 hours of unprotected sex.
- Additionally, mifepristone is used for cervical ripening before surgical abortion, inducing labor in cases of fetal death, managing uterine fibroids and endometriosis, and treating Cushing's syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes or glucose intolerance.
Side effects of Mifepristone
Uterine cramping
Heavy bleeding
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
How Mifepristone works
Mifepristone is an anti-progestational steroid.
It functions by rigorously binding to progesterone receptors, thereby inhibiting the effects of progesterone, a hormone crucial for maintaining the uterine lining during pregnancy. By blocking progesterone, Mifepristone causes the uterine lining to break down, separates the embryo, and makes the uterine myometrium more sensitive to the contraction-inducing effects of prostaglandins like misoprostol. This leads to the expulsion of the embryo/fetus along with other products of conception. While only used as a part of the abortion process, Mifepristone plays a primary role in preparing the body for the final steps of this process.
Certified content
Written By
BDS, MDS
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Mifepristone can be taken orally (tablet).
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is meant for use by adults and adolescents aged 16 years and above.
Contraindications
This medicine is contraindicated in patients with confirmed or suspected ectopic pregnancy. Patients with chronic adrenal failure should avoid this medication. Those suffering from inherited porphyria are advised not to use this medicine. An uncontrolled seizure disorder also makes this medication contraindicated. If a patient has an intrauterine device (IUD) in place, Mifepristone is contraindicated. Individuals undergoing concurrent anticoagulant therapy or those with haemorrhagic disorders should avoid this medicine.
Other Medications to Avoid
This medicine can interact with CYP3A4 inducers (such as rifampin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, and St. John's Wort), CYP3A4 inhibitors (like ketoconazole, erythromycin, and grapefruit juice) and corticosteroids (such as prednisone and hydrocortisone).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of this medication can possibly result in serious complications. If you suspect an overdose, seek immediate medical attention.
If you miss a dose of Mifepristone, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is near the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of water can help manage some of the gastrointestinal side effects like nausea and diarrhoea.
Resting and avoiding strenuous activity may help manage fatigue and dizziness.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
This medication can cause dizziness or fatigue, which can affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Mifepristone should not be taken during pregnancy and breastfeeding unless advised by a doctor.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with anaemia are advised to use this medication with caution.
Individuals suffering from cardiovascular disease or inflammatory bowel disease should also exercise caution while taking this medication.
Caution should be exercised in patients with hepatic or renal impairment, as well as those with asthma.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Regular check-ups with your doctor are essential to monitor your health while using this medication.
Maintain good hydration to promote better health while on this medication.
Frequently asked questions
Is Mifepristone a steroid?
Yes, Mifepristone is a synthetic steroid medication. It functions as an anti-progestogen, which means it blocks the effects of the hormone progesterone.
Can Mifepristone affect menstruation?
Mifepristone can cause heavy menstrual bleeding and cramping as it causes the uterine lining to break down. This is an expected reaction when the medicine is used for medical abortion.
Is it safe to consume alcohol while taking Mifepristone?
It is always advisable to consult your doctor about consuming alcohol while taking Mifepristone.
Does Mifepristone have any effect on mood?
Some people may experience mood changes after taking Mifepristone, although this is not a common side effect. If you experience any significant mood changes, you should inform your doctor.
Can Mifepristone be used for contraception?
Mifepristone is not a regular contraceptive and should not be used to prevent pregnancy. However, it can be used as an emergency contraceptive within 120 hours of unprotected intercourse.
Are there any natural alternatives to Mifepristone?
There are no known natural alternatives that can perform the same medical functions as Mifepristone.
Can I take Mifepristone if I have allergies?
If you are allergic to Mifepristone or any other prostaglandins, you should not take this medicine. Always inform your doctor about any allergies before starting a new medication.
Mifepristone in other salts
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