Nicotine

Dosage Forms Available

• Nicotine is available to be used orally (gums and lozenges), transdermal routes (patches), nasal mucosa (spray), and oral mucosa (inhaler).

Age and Dose Restrictions

• Nicotine replacement therapy is intended for adults only.

Contraindications

• Nicotine replacement therapy is contraindicated in individuals with known allergies to nicotine. It is also contraindicated for non-smokers, occasional smokers, and individuals with unstable cardiovascular conditions such as a recent heart attack, severe arrhythmia or recent stroke.

Other Medications to Avoid

• This medicine may interact with antidepressants (such as bupropion and nortriptyline), antipsychotics (such as clozapine and olanzapine), benzodiazepines (like diazepam and alprazolam), and beta-blockers (such as atenolol and propranolol).

Overdose and Missed Dose

• Overdosing on Nicotine can cause symptoms such as palpitations, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, sweating, headache, dizziness, hearing problems, and confusion. In severe cases, it could lead to seizures and even death. If you suspect an overdose, seek immediate medical attention.

• If you miss a dose of Nicotine replacement therapy product, take it as soon as you remember. However, avoid doubling up on doses to make up for a missed one.

Management of Side Effects

Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.

• Replacing the nicotine patch at a different skin site daily can help prevent skin irritation.

Use in Driving and Operating Machinery

• Nicotine replacement therapy may cause dizziness in some individuals. Hence, it is advised to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how this medication affects you.

Use in Pregnancy and Lactation

• Caution is advised when using Nicotine replacement therapy during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Caution in Other Conditions

• Individuals with heart disease, high blood pressure, or diabetes should exercise caution when using Nicotine replacement therapy and consult their doctor before use.

Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations

• Establish a routine for physical activity, as it can help reduce cravings for nicotine.

• Establish new habits and hobbies to keep your mind off smoking.

• Start practising stress management techniques such as deep breathing, yoga, or meditation to help manage cravings.