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Nitrofurantoin

ANTIBIOTIC

Uses of Nitrofurantoin

  • Nitrofurantoin is used to treat and prevent bacterial infections of the urinary tract, including kidney infections.
  • It can also be used to prevent the return of UTIs, especially in individuals with frequent infections.
  • In some cases, it is used as a preventative measure in patients who are at high risk of UTIs.

Side effects of Nitrofurantoin

  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhoea

How Nitrofurantoin works

  • Nitrofurantoin comes into the nitrofuran antibiotic category. 
  • It works by targeting and killing bacteria in the urinary tract.
  • Nitrofurantoin interferes with the production of key components needed to build and maintain the bacterial cell wall. This weakens the bacteria and helps to destroy them.
  • It disrupts various bacterial enzymes necessary for the bacteria's survival and reproduction.
    Nitrofurantoin can cause damage to bacterial DNA, which prevents the bacteria from multiplying and spreading.

Certified content

Written By

docImg
Amit SharmaClinical Health & Medical Writer| 3 years

B. Pharm

Reviewed By

Amatul Ameen
Amatul Ameen Clinical Health & Medical Writer| 12 years

B. Pharm, MSc.

Expert Advice

Doctors recommend Nitrofurantoin to treat and prevent uncomplicated urinary tract infections. If you have a history of liver or kidney disease, you should consult your doctor. If you've started feeling better, you should always take the whole course of this medication. If you stop it too soon, the infection can come back and be more difficult to treat. It is recommended that this medication be taken along with meals in order to decrease the risk of experiencing nausea as a side effect. Nitrofurantoin can make your urine look brown or dark yellow. This is common, and there is no reason for concern. You should not take it more often or for longer than your doctor is recommended. If you are vomiting continuously, discontinue taking Nitrofurantoin. Nitrofurantoin may cause dizziness and tiredness. Do not operate a motor vehicle or engage in any activity requiring mental concentration until you have evaluated how the medication will affect you. You should notify your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or already breastfeeding.

Dosage Forms Available

  • Nitrofurantoin is available for used via oral route in the form tablets, oral suspension and syrup.

Age And Dose Restrictions

  • Nitrofurantoin can be given to children (above 1 month) and adult based on doctor’s remmendation.

Contraindications

  • Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated in patients with kidney and liver issues. Individuals allergic to nitrofurantoin should avoid taking it.

Medications To Avoid With This Drug 

  • Nitrofurantoin may interact with vaccines such as Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), cholera vaccine (live), and typhoid vaccine (live). It can also interact with medications used to treat relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (teriflunomide), rheumatoid arthritis (leflunomide), cholesterol-lowering medications (lomitapide and mipomersen), a specific type of tumor treatment (pexidartinib), and a topical anesthetic (prilocaine).

Frequently asked questions

Yes, it is safe and effective for usage during pregnancy. However, there is a lack of human studies despite evidence of little or no harm to the fetus from those performed on animals.

Within 24 hours, you must experience the benefit of Nitrofurantoin.

Yes, it's likely safe to take Nitrofurantoin during breastfeeding. According to limited human studies, the medicine may not provide a significant risk to the unborn child.

Yes, patients with kidney problems should take precautions while using Nitrofurantoin. Some patients may need a dosage modification of the medicine. If you have any problems, you should consult your doctor.

Yes, one of the most common side effects of Nitrofurantoin is a headache. After taking it, if you have a headache, it is recommended that you take it easy for a moment.

Yes, using it can cause you to feel nausea and vomiting. If you vomit, take drinking water or other liquids continuously in small quantities. If you observe symptoms of dehydration, such as persistent vomiting, dark urine with a strong odour, or infrequent urination, consult with your doctor. Avoid taking any additional medications without consulting a doctor.

No, it is unlikely to affect fertility in either men or women. However, there is currently insufficient evidence to justify any clear conclusion. Consult your doctor for the most accurate information.

No, please do not stop taking Nitrofurantoin medicine without first consulting your doctor. There is a chance that an infection may return if it is suddenly stopped.

It is not recommended to use any vaccines (like Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), cholera vaccine, live, and typhoid vaccine, live), a medicine used to treat relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (teriflunomide), and medicines used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (leflunomide), cholesterol-lowering drugs (lomitapide and mipomersen), a drug used to treat a certain type of tumor (pexidartinib), a topical anesthetic (prilocaine), and a drug used to treat relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (teriflunomide). Before using any prescription or over-the-counter medications, you must consult with your doctor.

No, avoid consuming alcohol while taking the medicine because it could increase dizziness and drowsiness.

Yes, patients with liver problems should take precautions while using Nitrofurantoin. Some patients may need a dosage modification of the medicine. If you have any problems, you should consult your doctor.

Do not use Nitrofurantoin if you have an allergic reaction (hypersensitivity) to any of its components. You should not use Nitrofurantoin if you take grapefruit juice, dairy products like milk, yoghurt, or drinks with enhanced calcium. Due to a possible interaction, it may increase the chance of serious adverse effects. We recommend that you consult a doctor as soon as possible.

Yes, it may cause sleepiness. While using Nitrofurantoin, it is recommended that you should not drive or operate heavy machinery. If you are suffering from sleepiness or dizziness, it is recommended that you relax until you feel better.

Nitrofurantoin typically starts working within a few hours of taking the first dose. However, it may take a few days for symptoms to improve significantly. It's important to complete the full course of the antibiotic even if you start feeling better.

Taking Nitrofurantoin without food can increase the risk of stomach upset and nausea. It is recommended to take it with food or milk to enhance absorption and reduce gastrointestinal side effects.

Nitrofurantoin can cause a harmless change in urine color, making it appear dark yellow or brown. This is a common side effect and should not be a cause for concern.

While Nitrofurantoin is effective against bacterial infections, it can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria and yeast in the body, potentially leading to a yeast infection, particularly in women. If you develop symptoms of a yeast infection, consult your doctor.

Nitrofurantoin is a potent antibiotic specifically used for treating urinary tract infections. It is effective against a range of bacteria that commonly cause UTIs, but its use is generally limited to this type of infection due to its targeted action.

Terms & Conditions

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