Sexually transmitted disease: Overview, Types and symptoms

What about sexually transmitted diseases?

An STD is a disease that can be communicated from one person to another through sexual contact. Having unprotected intercourse with someone who has an STD might cause a person to become infected.

Sexually transmitted infection (STI) and venereal illness (VD) are other names for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Sex isn’t the only method by which STDs are spread. As with any STD, infections can be spread by sharing needles and nursing.

Different types of STDs

There are different types of STDs but the main or the most common types of sexually transmitted diseases list includes;

• Chlamydia.
• Herpes.
• Human papillomavirus (HPV). 
• Gonorrhoea.
• Hepatitis B.
• Syphilis.
• Trichomoniasis.
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), causes AIDS.

Read more – Sexually transmitted diseases prevention tips

Causes of sexually transmitted diseases (STD)

1. Chlamydia

Chlamydia is a prevalent sexually transmitted disease (STD) that can affect both sexes. A woman’s reproductive system can be permanently harmed by it. As a result, she may have difficulty getting pregnant in the future. Ectopic pregnancy, which can be fatal, can also be caused by chlamydia (pregnancy that occurs outside the womb).

Chlamydia causes

For the spread of Chlamydia, Chlamydia trachomatis is the bacterium responsible for the disease, and unprotected vaginal, oral, or anal sex is the most common route. You can get it from an infected person’s semen or vaginal fluid. Even if no sex is involved, it can be spread from one sick person to another via genital contact.

2. Herpes

As the name suggests, herpes is caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). Herpes can cause sores or blisters to grow in and around the mouth or genitals, but it can also affect other parts of the body.

Herpes causes

The herpes simplex virus causes genital herpes, a prevalent sexually transmitted disease (HSV). The virus spreads mostly through sexual contact. The virus can reactivate multiple times a year after the first infection, but this is not the norm.

3. Human papillomavirus (HPV)

The most common sexually transmitted disease is human papillomavirus (HPV) (STI).

People with HPV may not show symptoms, but they can still spread the disease through intercourse. Warts may appear on the genitals or the surrounding skin as a symptom of genital warts.

Human papillomavirus causes

Skin-to-skin contact is the primary mode of transmission for the HPV virus, which causes cervical cancer. Direct sexual contact, including vaginal, anal and oral intercourse is the most common way to get a genital HPV infection. Intercourse doesn’t need to transmit HPV because it is caused by a skin infection when infected skin comes in contact with healthy skin.

4. Gonorrhoea

The sexually transmitted diseases might lead to infertility if left untreated.

When an infection goes undetected for a long period, regular screening can help in detection.

An abnormal discharge from the penis or the vagina can be a sign of a urinary tract infection. Pain in the lower abdomen or testicles is common in both men and women. Gonorrhoea might cause no symptoms in rare circumstances.

Gonorrhoea causes

Neisseria gonorrhoeae are the bacteria that cause gonorrhoea. To transmit gonorrhoea bacteria, sexual intercourse is the most common mode of transmission, including oral or anal or vaginal intercourse.

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