Capecitabine
Uses of Capecitabine
The main use of Capecitabine is for the management of various types of cancer, including colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and stomach cancer. This medication belongs to the class of antimetabolites.
Besides this, it is also used to manage other malignancies when first-line treatments are not effective.
Side effects of Capecitabine
Diarrhoea
Nausea
Mouth sores
Vomiting
Fatigue
How Capecitabine works
Capecitabine is an antimetabolite medication.
It starts as a prodrug, which means the body transforms it into an active form called 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). This transformation primarily happens in tumour tissues. Once active, 5-FU interferes with a crucial enzyme for cancer cell growth called thymidylate synthase. This enzyme helps synthesise DNA and RNA. By disrupting its function, Capecitabine inhibits the cancer cells from growing and multiplying, leading to their eventual death.
Certified content
Written By
MD Ayurveda
Reviewed By
Bachelor of Dental Surgery
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Capecitabine can be taken orally (tablet).
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is primarily meant for adults. It can be used in children, but only when specifically advised by a doctor.
Contraindications
Capecitabine is contraindicated in patients with severe kidney impairment. It is also contraindicated in patients who are known to have dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency.
Other Medications to Avoid
Capecitabine may interact with anticoagulants (warfarin), anti-seizure medications (phenytoin), and certain gout medications (allopurinol).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdosing on Capecitabine can lead to severe side effects such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, and fever. If you suspect an overdose, contact your doctor immediately.
If you miss a dose of Capecitabine, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of fluids can help manage diarrhea and prevent dehydration.
For nausea or vomiting, try taking the medicine after meals.
For hand-foot syndrome (redness and swelling of the palms and soles), use a good moisturiser and avoid activities that cause friction or pressure on the hands and feet.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Capecitabine may cause dizziness or fatigue in some people. If you experience these side effects, avoid driving or operating machinery until you feel better.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Capecitabine may harm a developing fetus and should not be used during pregnancy unless specifically recommended by a doctor. It is recommended to avoid breastfeeding while taking this medicine.
Caution in Other Conditions
Caution should be exercised when using Capecitabine in patients with liver disease or a history of heart disease.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration, especially if you are experiencing diarrhea or vomiting.
Try to stay active with light physical activities such as walking, which can help combat fatigue caused by chemotherapy.
Keep your hands and feet moisturised to help manage hand-foot syndrome.
Frequently asked questions
Is Capecitabine a type of steroid?
No, Capecitabine is not a steroid. It is an oral chemotherapy medicine that belongs to the class of medications known as antimetabolites.
Can Capecitabine affect my sleep pattern?
There is no specific information indicating that Capecitabine directly influences sleep patterns. However, side effects like fatigue might indirectly affect your sleep. If you experience significant sleep disturbances, it is advisable to consult your doctor.
Will Capecitabine treatment affect my fertility?
Some chemotherapy medicines can have an impact on fertility, and this could potentially be a concern with Capecitabine as well. If you have fertility concerns, it would be best to discuss these with your doctor before starting Capecitabine.
Can I take Capecitabine every day?
The frequency and duration of taking Capecitabine should always be determined by your doctor.
How long does it take for Capecitabine to start working?
The time taken for Capecitabine to work can vary based on individual patient factors and the type of cancer being managed. Evaluating the response to treatment usually involves regular monitoring by your doctor and may include various diagnostic tests.
Can I buy Capecitabine over the counter?
No, you cannot buy Capecitabine over the counter. It is a prescription medication and should only be taken under the supervision of a doctor.
What is the best time to take Capecitabine?
Capecitabine should be taken in the dose and duration as advised by the doctor.
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