Insulin Glargine
Uses of Insulin Glargine
Insulin Glargine is mainly used to manage type 1 and type 2 diabetes and belongs to the group of long-acting insulin.
Additionally, it is used to improve glycemic control, which helps reduce complications associated with high blood sugar levels.
Side effects of Insulin Glargine
Hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar)
Injection site reactions
Allergic reactions
Lipodystrophy
Weight gain
How Insulin Glargine works
Insulin Glargine is a long-acting synthetic insulin.
It is a long-acting insulin that works by providing a steady, consistent level of insulin in the bloodstream. It mimics the natural, basal insulin secretion of the pancreas, helping to regulate blood glucose levels throughout the day and night. This steady insulin release helps control blood sugar levels by facilitating glucose uptake into cells and reducing glucose production by the liver.
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Insulin Glargine is available in various dosage forms, including injectable solutions and prefilled pens. Additionally, it comes in cartridges for use with reusable insulin pens.
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is appropriate for adults and children under a doctor's guidance.
Certain brands of Insulin Glargine are approved only for adults aged 18 and above.
Contraindications
Insulin Glargine is contraindicated in people who have a hypersensitivity to Insulin Glargine or any of its excipients.
It should not be used during episodes of hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar).
Other Medications to Avoid
Insulin Glargine can interact with thiazolidinediones (such as pioglitazone and rosiglitazone), beta-blockers (such as metoprolol and propranolol), and antidepressants (fluoxetine).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdosing on Insulin Glargine can lead to severe hypoglycaemia, which may cause symptoms such as weakness, tremors, sweating, confusion, or unconsciousness. In case of an overdose, it is important to seek immediate medical attention.
If you miss a dose of Insulin Glargine, take it as soon as you remember, provided it is not close to the time for your next dose. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed one.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of water may help manage side effects like dry mouth.
Applying a cold pack to the injection site can alleviate pain, swelling, or redness.
Regular blood glucose monitoring can help detect and manage hypoglycaemia.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Insulin Glargine does not generally affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. However, if you experience symptoms of hypoglycaemia such as dizziness or blurred vision, avoid these activities until you feel normal again.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Insulin Glargine is considered safe for use in pregnancy and breastfeeding. However, changes in insulin requirements may occur during these periods, so it is important to consult your doctor for appropriate dose adjustments.
Caution in Other Conditions
People with liver or kidney disorders may require dose adjustments and frequent monitoring when using Insulin Glargine.
Caution should also be exercised in elderly patients as the risk of hypoglycaemia is higher in this population.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Consuming a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains can help manage blood sugar levels.
Regular, small meals throughout the day can prevent blood sugar spikes and crashes.
Regular physical activity can help improve insulin sensitivity and manage blood sugar levels.
Frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential to keep track of your diabetes management plan.
Frequently asked questions
Is Insulin Glargine a steroid?
No, Insulin Glargine is not a steroid. It is a long-acting synthetic insulin analogue used for managing type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Does Insulin Glargine have any effect on sleep?
Insulin Glargine itself typically does not have a direct effect on sleep. However, uncontrolled blood glucose levels, which it helps manage, can impact sleep quality.
Will Insulin Glargine affect fertility?
There is no known association between Insulin Glargine use and fertility problems in men or women. However, it is always best to consult your doctor if you have concerns about fertility and are managing diabetes with insulin.
Are there any particular diet restrictions while taking Insulin Glargine?
While there are no specific foods to avoid while using Insulin Glargine, maintaining a healthy diet is important for managing blood sugar levels in diabetes, as the medicine works better when combined with a balanced diet.
Is it safe to take Insulin Glargine daily?
Yes, it is safe to administer Insulin Glargine daily as directed by your doctor. It is typically administered once daily at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood glucose control.
How much time does Insulin Glargine take to work?
Insulin Glargine starts working several hours after administration and keeps working evenly for 24 hours.
What is the best time to take Insulin Glargine?
Insulin Glargine is typically administered once daily at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood glucose control. You should follow your doctor's instructions regarding the timing of your insulin injections.
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