Levofloxacin
Uses of Levofloxacin
Levofloxacin is primarily used to manage various types of bacterial infections and belongs to the group of fluoroquinolone antibiotics.
It is also indicated for managing community-acquired pneumonia, acute bacterial sinusitis, acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, complicated and uncomplicated urinary tract infections, acute pyelonephritis, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections, chronic bacterial prostatitis, inhalational anthrax (post-exposure), and plague. Off-label uses include managing endocarditis, meningitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and as prophylaxis and treatment for traveller's diarrhoea.
Side effects of Levofloxacin
Nausea
Headache
Diarrhoea
Constipation
Dizziness
How Levofloxacin works
Levofloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic.
It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. Specifically, it inhibits two types of bacterial enzymes: topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase. These enzymes are needed for the bacteria to replicate and repair their DNA. By blocking these enzymes, Levofloxacin interferes with the bacteria's ability to divide and repair, leading to the death of the bacteria. This helps in managing a variety of bacterial infections.
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Levofloxacin is available in various dosage forms including (tablets, oral solution), for intravenous infusion (injectable solution).
Age and Dose Restrictions
Levofloxacin is primarily meant for adults aged 18 and above.
Contraindications
Levofloxacin should not be used by patients with a known allergy to the medicine or other quinolones. It should also be avoided in patients with a history of tendon disorders or myasthenia gravis.
Other Medications to Avoid
Levofloxacin may interact with sucralfate and zinc-containing products (such as zinc gluconate, zinc ascorbate), anticoagulants (like warfarin, heparin), immunosuppressants (like cyclosporine, methotrexate) and QT prolonging medicines (like amiodarone and sotalol).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Levofloxacin may lead to symptoms like dizziness, nausea and seizures. In such cases, immediate medical attention should be sought.
If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered. However, if it is close to the time for the next dose, the missed dose should be skipped to avoid doubling up.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects associated with Levofloxacin usage are temporary and generally harmless. However, severe side effects should be reported to the doctor.
Drinking adequate amounts of water can help manage diarrhoea and constipation.
Taking medicine with food can help manage nausea.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Levofloxacin may cause dizziness or lightheadedness. It is advisable to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how this medicine affects you.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Use of Levofloxacin during pregnancy and breastfeeding should only be done if clearly needed and as advised by the doctor.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with renal impairment need dosage adjustments when taking Levofloxacin. It should be used with caution in patients with myasthenia gravis as it may exacerbate muscle weakness.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Maintaining good personal hygiene practices, like regular hand washing, can help prevent the spread and recurrence of bacterial infections.
Frequently asked questions
Is Levofloxacin a steroid?
Levofloxacin is not a steroid; it is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used for managing bacterial infections.
Does Levofloxacin have any effect on sleep?
Levofloxacin could potentially cause insomnia as one of its side effects. If you experience difficulties sleeping while taking this medicine, consult your doctor for advice.
Will Levofloxacin affect fertility?
There are no direct reports indicating that Levofloxacin affects fertility. However, if you are planning to conceive, it is always best to consult your doctor before taking any medication.
Is it safe to take Levofloxacin daily?
Levofloxacin should be taken as prescribed by your doctor. The dose and duration depend on the type and severity of the infection being managed.
How much time does Levofloxacin take to work?
Levofloxacin starts working soon after it is taken but the time it takes to feel better can vary depending on the type of infection. Consult your doctor for more specific information.
Is Levofloxacin available over-the-counter or do I need a prescription?
Levofloxacin usually requires a prescription and is not available over the counter.
Are there any natural alternatives to Levofloxacin?
There are no natural alternatives that can replace the function of Levofloxacin as an antibiotic medicine. It is crucial to take antibiotics as prescribed by your doctor when managing bacterial infections.
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