Trimethoprim
Uses of Trimethoprim
The principal use of Trimethoprim is for the management of uncomplicated urinary tract infections, and it belongs to the group of dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors.
Additionally, it is also used in combination with other antibiotics to manage certain types of pneumonia and traveller's diarrhoea.
Side effects of Trimethoprim
Nausea
Vomiting
Stomach pain
Diarrhoea
Loss of appetite
How Trimethoprim works
Trimethoprim is an antibiotic medicine categorised as a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor. It operates by hindering an essential enzyme in bacteria known as dihydrofolate reductase. This enzyme plays a crucial role in synthesising tetrahydrofolic acid, a molecule that bacteria require to create nucleic acids and proteins.
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Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Trimethoprim is available for use via the oral route in the form of tablets.
Age and Dose Restrictions
Trimethoprim is approved for use in adults of age above 18 years.
Contraindications
This medicine is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to Trimethoprim or any component of the formulation.
It is also contraindicated in patients with documented megaloblastic anaemia.
Other Medications to Avoid
Trimethoprim may interact with antiarrhythmic medicine (such as dofetilide and sotalol) and medicines that alter methotrexate levels (like trimethoprim or co-trimoxazole).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of this medicine may cause symptoms such as mental confusion and easy bruising or bleeding. In the case of a suspected overdose, immediate medical care should be sought.
If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it’s close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of liquids may help manage gastrointestinal disturbances like diarrhoea and loss of appetite.
Resting and avoiding bright light can help manage headaches caused by this medication.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Trimethoprim does not typically affect your ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience side effects such as headaches or dizziness, avoid these activities until you feel comfortable.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Trimethoprim crosses the placenta and may affect folate metabolism, potentially posing risks to the foetus.
It is therefore advised to use this medicine with caution during pregnancy and lactation, under the guidance of a doctor.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with impaired kidney or liver function should exercise caution when taking Trimethoprim due to its method of elimination from the body.
Patients with folate deficiency should also use this medication with caution.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Maintain a healthy lifestyle and follow a balanced diet to support overall health and immune function.
Regular handwashing can help prevent the spread of bacterial infections.
Frequently asked questions
How long does Trimethoprim usually stay in the body?
After oral administration, the half-life of Trimethoprim is approximately 8-10 hours, which means it takes around 8-10 hours for the concentration of the medicine in the body to reduce by half.
Can I develop an addiction to Trimethoprim?
No, Trimethoprim is not addictive. It is an antibiotic used to manage bacterial infections and does not have any addictive properties.
Is Trimethoprim a vegetarian-friendly medicine?
As an antibiotic, Trimethoprim is generally considered vegetarian-friendly. However, some tablets may contain animal-derived ingredients as binders or fillers. Always read the leaflet or consult your doctor for specifics about the product you are prescribed.
Can Trimethoprim cause changes in menstrual cycles?
Trimethoprim is not directly associated with influencing menstrual cycles, any concerns or unexpected changes should be discussed with your doctor.
Does Trimethoprim have any impact on mood?
Trimethoprim is not directly associated with affecting mood. However, physical discomfort from side effects could indirectly influence your mood. Discuss any concerns with your doctor.
Is there an optimal time of day for taking Trimethoprim?
Trimethoprim can be taken at any time of the day, with or without food. However, it is advised to take it at the same time every day for maximum effectiveness.
Will taking Trimethoprim result in weight gain?
Weight gain is not a known side effect of Trimethoprim. If you experience unexpected weight changes while using this medication, consult your doctor.
Trimethoprim in other salts
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