Voriconazole
Uses of Voriconazole
The primary use of Voriconazole is to manage serious fungal infections such as invasive aspergillosis, candidemia in non-neutropenic patients, and esophageal candidiasis. It belongs to the triazole antifungal class of medicines.
It is also indicated for managing serious infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium species in patients who cannot tolerate or do not respond to other antifungal therapies.
Side effects of Voriconazole
Visual disturbances
Fever
Vomiting and nausea
Diarrhoea
Headache
How Voriconazole works
Voriconazole is used to treat fungal infections.
It is a type of antifungal medication known as a triazole.
It works by blocking the action of fungal cytochrome P450 enzymes that are crucial for the production of ergosterol, a vital component in the fungal cell membrane. By inhibiting these enzymes, Voriconazole disrupts the synthesis of ergosterol, leading to an accumulation of 14α-methyl sterols. This causes an alteration in the fungal cell membrane structure and function. As a result, the fungal cell membrane becomes more permeable, resulting in leakage of essential cytoplasmic contents which ultimately leads to the death of the fungus.
Certified content
Written By
MD Ayurveda
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Voriconazole can be taken orally (tablets and suspension) and administered intravenously (powder for reconstitution into a solution).
Age and Dose Restrictions
Voriconazole is recommended for use in adults and children aged 2 years and above.
Contraindications
Voriconazole is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the active ingredient or its excipients. It is also contraindicated in patients who are concurrently taking certain medicines such as pimozide, quinidine, ivabradine, rifampin, carbamazepine, long-acting barbiturates, efavirenz, ritonavir, naloxegol, tolvaptan, lurasidone, St. John's wort, and ergot alkaloids.
Other Medications to Avoid
Voriconazole may interact with certain medicines like CYP450 inducers (such as phenytoin and carbamazepine), macrolide antibiotics (such as erythromycin), and HIV protease inhibitors (such as ritonavir).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Voriconazole may result in symptoms such as confusion, visual disturbances, and cardiovascular reactions. In case of suspected overdose, consult your doctor immediately.
If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is near the time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects caused by Voriconazole are temporary and resolve upon discontinuation of the medicine. If you experience severe side effects or worsening of symptoms, consult your doctor immediately.
Drinking plenty of water may help manage side effects like nausea and vomiting.
Taking the medicine with meals can reduce gastrointestinal side effects like diarrhoea and abdominal pain.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Voriconazole may cause visual disturbances and dizziness. Therefore, caution should be exercised when driving or operating heavy machinery.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Voriconazole is categorised as a category D medicine in pregnancy and is known to be excreted in breast milk. Therefore, it is advised to consult your doctor before using this medicine during pregnancy or lactation.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with severe hepatic impairment should exercise caution when taking Voriconazole. No dosage adjustment is needed in patients with renal impairment.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Keep good personal hygiene to prevent the spread of fungal infections.
Regular follow-ups with your doctor are necessary to monitor your condition and adjust the treatment if necessary.
Frequently asked questions
Can Voriconazole cause allergies?
Yes, if you have a known hypersensitivity to Voriconazole or any of its excipients, it can cause allergic reactions. It is important that you inform your doctor about any allergies before starting this medication.
Is Voriconazole suitable for vegetarians and vegans?
Voriconazole is a chemically synthesized medication and does not contain any animal-derived ingredients. Therefore, it should be suitable for vegetarians and vegans. However, it's always best to check the product label or consult your doctor.
How long does Voriconazole remain in the body?
Voriconazole is metabolized by enzymes in the liver and eliminated through the kidneys. The exact duration it remains in the body depends on several factors, including dosage, individual metabolism, and other health conditions.
Does Voriconazole affect mood or behaviour?
While mood changes are not commonly reported with Voriconazole, individual reactions to medications can vary significantly. If you notice any unusual changes in mood or behaviour while taking this medicine, consult your doctor immediately.
Is there a risk of dependency or withdrawal symptoms with Voriconazole?
Voriconazole is an antifungal medication and does not have properties that lead to dependency or withdrawal symptoms.
Are there natural alternatives to Voriconazole?
There are no known natural alternatives that can replace the antifungal efficacy of Voriconazole. Always consult your doctor for appropriate treatment options.
What is the best time to take Voriconazole?
Voriconazole should be taken as advised by your doctor, usually every 12 hours. The medicine can be taken 1 hour before or after a meal.
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