Overview of Celiac Disease and its Treatment

What is Celiac disease?

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease that gets worse when you eat gluten. It is also called celiac sprue or nontropical sprue. Gluten is a protein found in grains like wheat, barley, and rye. It gives dough its elasticity and makes bread chewy.

When a person eats something with gluten, their body overreacts to the protein and damages their villi, which are small finger-like projections along the wall of their small intestine.

If your villi get hurt, your small intestine can’t absorb nutrients from food as well as it should. In the long term, this can cause malnutrition, loss of bone density, miscarriages, infertility, neurological diseases, and even some types of cancer.

Celiac disease that doesn’t get better after at least a year of not eating gluten is called “refractory” or “nonresponsive.” Most people who have celiac disease don’t even know it.  Your intestine gets hurt very slowly, and the symptoms are so different that they can’t figure out.

Celiac disease symptoms

The symptoms of celiac disease and food allergies are different because they are not even the same thing. If you’re allergic to wheat and eat something with wheat in it, you might have itchy or watery eyes or have trouble breathing.

Symptoms in adults:

If you have celiac disease and eat something that has gluten in it, you may have symptoms like:

• Abdominal pain
• Anaemia
• An unpleasant feeling of being full.
• Pain in your bones or joints
• Constipation
• Diarrhoea
• Gas
• Heartburn
• The itchy and blistery rash (doctors call this dermatitis herpetiformis)
• Headaches or exhaustion can cause you to be sick or have
• Ulcers on the inside of your mouth
• Nausea

Nerve damage can cause things like numbness or tingling hands or feet, problems with balance, or changes in how you know what is going on around you.

Symptoms in children:

Children with the disease are more likely to have problems with their intestines, such as:

• Bloating or swelling of the belly
• Constipation
• Diarrhoea
• Pale, smelly poop
• Vomiting or having a bad stomach
• Lose weight.

If a child has celiac disease, their body may not be able to get the nutrients it needs. This can cause things like:

• Anaemia
• In this case, the enamel on the teeth has been worn down.
• Delays in puberty
• Failure to thrive, in babies
• Change in their mood
• Neurological problems, like learning disabilities and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, can happen to people (ADHD)
• Slow growth and a small height

Some people with celiac disease won’t have these symptoms, but not everyone who has the disease will. Some people don’t notice any problems, which can make it hard to figure out what’s wrong.

Celiac disease causes

It is an autoimmune disease. When you eat gluten, your white blood cells attack the tiny finger-like projections called villi that line your small intestine and help you digest food. The lining is exhausted until it’s soft. Without villi, you can’t absorb vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients from your food.

The causes of celiac disease aren’t entirely known. If you are going through celiac disease, then you had eaten gluten. Gluten causes your immune system to attack your small intestine. It is common in a Dietary pattern, so it would be unusual to avoid it if you aren’t on a strict gluten-free diet.

At last, for some to get celiac disease, some such things in your environment must help to trigger it. These factors aren’t clear. Some people can eat gluten every day for years without any problems but then develop severe celiac disease symptoms later in life, often very suddenly. On the other hand, some young children show celiac symptoms as soon as they start eating grains with gluten in them.

It is not clear what might bring on celiac disease later in life. Some people get celiac symptoms after a seemingly unrelated illness or a stressful time in their life. Many women get celiac symptoms after giving birth. There is also research into whether a virus might cause the condition.

Celiac disease treatment 

The main way to treat is is to stick to a strict daily intake gluten-free diet. Gluten is a protein that is naturally found in some grains, like wheat, barley, and rye. It can also be added to other foods and products, like toothpaste and cosmetics, to make them gluten-free.

To stay on a gluten-free diet, you must carefully check the labels of foods and products to see if they contain gluten. People with celiac disease may feel better within a few days after giving up gluten. Eventually, they will heal completely, and their small intestine will not be damaged anymore.

So, to prevent these diseases start a diet which is gluten-free foods.

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