Cabergoline
Uses of Cabergoline
Cabergoline is primarily used to manage hyperprolactinemia, a condition characterised by high levels of the hormone prolactin in the blood. It falls under the group of dopamine receptor agonist medicines.
Apart from this, it is also used to suppress post-partum lactation or milk production in women following childbirth, stillbirth, abortion or miscarriage if they choose not to breastfeed.
Side effects of Cabergoline
Nausea
Vomiting
Headache
Dizziness
Fatigue
How Cabergoline works
Cabergoline is a dopamine receptor agonist.
It works by stimulating dopamine receptors in the lactotroph cells of the pituitary gland. These cells are usually responsible for producing prolactin. By stimulating these dopamine receptors, Cabergoline inhibits the synthesis and secretion of prolactin genes. This leads to a reduction in the level of prolactin secretion from the pituitary gland into the bloodstream. As a result, it can manage symptoms associated with hyperprolactinemia, such as unwanted breast milk production and hypogonadism. It can also reduce the size of prolactin-secreting pituitary tumours in many patients.
Certified content
Written By
MSc (Applied Genetics)
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Cabergoline can be taken orally (tablet).
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is intended for adults aged 18 and above.
Contraindications
Cabergoline is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to ergot derivatives. It should not be used in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. Patients with a history of cardiac valvulopathy or pulmonary, pericardial or retroperitoneal fibrotic disorders should avoid using Cabergoline.
Other Medications to Avoid
Cabergoline may interact with antipsychotics (such as phenothiazines, butyrophenones, and thioxanthenes) and prokinetic agents (like metoclopramide).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdosing on Cabergoline can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, or confusion. If you suspect an overdose, consult your doctor immediately.
If a dose of Cabergoline is missed, take it as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, then skip the missed one and continue with the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of water can help manage side effects such as constipation.
Eating smaller meals and avoiding spicy foods may help manage gastrointestinal discomfort such as nausea or dyspepsia.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Cabergoline may cause dizziness or drowsiness, which can affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. Avoid these activities if you experience these side effects after taking the medication.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Cabergoline is not recommended during pregnancy unless clearly necessary. Always consult your doctor before using this medicine during pregnancy. As this medicine suppresses lactation, it should not be taken by women who wish to breastfeed.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with pre-existing conditions such as hypotension, cardiovascular disease, hepatic impairment and psychosis should exercise caution when taking Cabergoline.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Regular monitoring of blood pressure is recommended for those taking Cabergoline, especially if you have a history of hypotension or cardiovascular disease.
Regular blood tests to monitor prolactin levels are recommended for patients taking Cabergoline for hyperprolactinemia.
Frequently asked questions
Is Cabergoline a steroid?
No, Cabergoline is not a steroid. It is a dopamine receptor agonist that belongs to the ergot group of medicines.
Will Cabergoline affect fertility?
Yes, Cabergoline is often used to help restore fertility. It manages high prolactin levels, which can lead to infertility in both men and women. By reducing prolactin levels, it may help restore normal ovulation in women and improve testosterone levels in men.
Is it safe to take Cabergoline daily?
Your doctor will provide specific instructions based on your individual needs and condition.
How much time does Cabergoline take to work?
Prolactin levels generally start decreasing within a few hours of the first dose of Cabergoline, and maximum suppression is usually seen within two to four weeks of starting therapy.
What is the best time to take Cabergoline?
Cabergoline can be taken at any time of day but should be taken consistently at the same times each week for best results.
What is the duration of treatment with Cabergoline?
The duration of treatment varies depending on the underlying cause of the high prolactin levels. People with prolactinomas usually require long-term therapy.
Is Cabergoline available over the counter, or do I need a prescription?
Cabergoline is a prescription medication and is not available over the counter.
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