Clonidine
Uses of Clonidine
It is primarily used to manage hypertension (high blood pressure). It is a central alpha-2 adrenergic agonist.
It is also used in managing symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), preventing migraines, providing relief from hot flashes associated with menopause, and managing withdrawal symptoms during detoxification from opioids, benzodiazepines, or alcohol.
Side effects of Clonidine
Drowsiness
Dry Mouth
Dizziness
Headache
Slow Heart Rate
How Clonidine works
Clonidine is a central alpha-2 adrenergic agonist.
It works by stimulating the alpha-2 receptors in the brain, decreasing the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. This relaxes blood vessels and reduces heart rate and blood pressure.
In managing symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Clonidine may adjust the transmission of norepinephrine and dopamine neurotransmitters, which helps in improving attention span and reducing symptoms of impulsivity and hyperactivity.
Certified content
Written By
MD Ayurveda
Reviewed By
Bachelor of Dental Surgery
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Clonidine is taken orally (tablets or extended-release tablets) and topically (transdermal patches).
Age and Dose Restrictions
Clonidine can be used by both adults and children (6-17 years for ADHD).
Contraindications
Clonidine should not be used by people who have certain health conditions such as heart disease, slow heart rate, or heart block.
Other Medications to Avoid
This medicine may interact with other antihypertensives (e.g., atropin, metoprolol), CNS depressants (e.g., phenobarbital 1,2-benzodiazepine), tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., clomipramine, nortriptyline), NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen), and antipsychotics (e.g., quetiapine).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Clonidine can lead to severe symptoms such as nervous system depression, dry mouth, dilated pupils, and flushing. If you observe these symptoms, it is crucial to inform your doctor and follow the advice given.
If you forget to take a dose of Clonidine, take it as soon as you remember. But, if the time is near for the next dose, it's better to skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing regime. It is crucial not to repeat the dose.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Dry mouth, a common side effect of Clonidine, can be managed by chewing sugar-free gum or taking frequent sips of water.
For individuals experiencing drowsiness or dizziness, it is advised to take the medication at bedtime.
Constipation, another common side effect, can be managed by increasing water and fibre intake.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Clonidine can cause drowsiness and sedation, which may affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. It is advised to avoid tasks that require mental alertness until you know how this medicine affects you.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Clonidine should only be used during pregnancy or lactation when clearly needed and only under the direct supervision of a doctor.
Caution in Other Conditions
Individuals with kidney conditions or depression should use Clonidine with caution as this medicine may affect these conditions.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Regularly check your blood pressure and heart rate while taking this medicine.
Frequently asked questions
Is Clonidine an over-the-counter medicine?
No, Clonidine is a prescription medicine. It should be taken only when prescribed by a doctor.
Can Clonidine cause mood changes?
Yes, Clonidine can cause mood changes in some individuals. If you experience mood swings or feelings of depression while on this medicine, inform your doctor.
Can I take Clonidine if I am allergic to other antihypertensive medicines?
If you are known to have allergies to other antihypertensive medicines, inform your doctor as you may also have an allergic reaction to Clonidine.
Can Clonidine affect my menstrual cycle?
Clonidine may cause changes in the menstrual cycle in some women. If you notice any changes, inform your doctor.
Can I stop taking Clonidine abruptly?
No, stopping Clonidine abruptly might lead to rebound hypertension, a sudden increase in blood pressure. It is recommended to gradually taper off the dose under the supervision of a doctor.
Does Clonidine affect sleep?
Yes, Clonidine can cause drowsiness and may affect your sleep patterns. It is often advised to take this medicine at bedtime.
Will Clonidine affect my libido?
Clonidine may affect libido in some individuals. If you notice any changes in sexual desire or performance, inform your doctor.
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