Cyclosporin
Uses of Cyclosporin
- Cyclosporin is an immunosuppressive agent used to treat organ rejection post-transplant. Its primary use is to prevent organ rejection in patients who have had kidney, liver, or heart transplants. It belongs to the class of immunosuppressant medications.
- It is also used in the management of rheumatoid arthritis in patients for whom other medications have not been effective, as well as for severe plaque psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, lupus nephritis, and uveoretinitis.
Side effects of Cyclosporin
Renal dysfunction
Hypertension
Nausea
Vomiting
How Cyclosporin works
Cyclosporin is a robust immunosuppressant medicine. It operates by restraining the immune response stimulated by T-cells, a type of white blood cell that protects the body from foreign invaders. Cyclosporin forms a complex with a protein found inside T-cells known as cyclophilin. This complex obstructs the activity of another protein, calcineurin, which is crucial for activating T-cells.
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Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Cyclosporin is available for oral administration (capsules and solutions).
It is also available as eye drops for ophthalmic use and in injection form (intravenously).
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is meant for adults and children above 2 years.
Contraindications
Cyclosporin is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Cyclosporin or any of its excipients.
It is also contraindicated in patients with uncontrolled hypertension, malignancies (except non-melanoma skin cancer), and those who are using bosentan.
Other Medications to Avoid
Cyclosporin may interact with CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole and erythromycin), CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampin and carbamazepine), P-gp inhibitors (e.g., verapamil and quinidine), and nephrotoxic medicines (e.g., aminoglycosides and amphotericin B).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdose of Cyclosporin can lead to symptoms like reversible renal dysfunction, hepatotoxicity, hypertension, and neurotoxicity. Immediate medical attention is required.
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your normal time. Do not take 2 doses at the same time or extra doses.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of fluids may help with side effects like dry mouth and constipation.
Taking this medicine with meals can help reduce stomach upset.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Cyclosporin may cause drowsiness or dizziness. If this happens, do not drive or operate heavy machinery.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Cyclosporin should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefit to the mother justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It has been found in breast milk; thus, Cyclosporin is not recommended during breastfeeding. Always consult your doctor before starting any medicine if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Caution in Other Conditions
Caution is advised when using Cyclosporin in patients with renal impairment or liver disease. Dose adjustment may be necessary for these patients.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Limit sodium intake, as this medicine may cause hypertension.
Continue to take this medicine even if you feel well. Do not stop taking it without consulting your doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Is Cyclosporin a steroid?
No, Cyclosporin is not a steroid. It is an immunosuppressant medication.
Does Cyclosporin have any effect on sleep?
Cyclosporin does not usually directly affect sleep. However, some side effects, like tremors or headaches, could potentially disrupt sleep. If you experience any such issue, consult your doctor.
Will Cyclosporin affect fertility?
Cyclosporin can potentially affect fertility, though it's not common. Consult your doctor for personalized advice.
Is it safe to take Cyclosporin daily?
Yes, it can be safe when taken as prescribed by your doctor for the recommended duration and considered in light of your overall health condition and other medications.
How much time does Cyclosporin take to work?
The time it takes for Cyclosporin to work varies depending on what it is being used for and the individual patient's response to the medication.
What is the best time to take Cyclosporin?
Cyclosporin is typically taken twice daily, but the exact timing depends on your doctor's instructions and the specific condition being managed.
Is Cyclosporin available over the counter, or do I need a prescription?
Cyclosporin usually requires a prescription from a doctor and is not typically available over the counter.
Cyclosporin in other salts
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