Erythromycin
Uses of Erythromycin
Erythromycin is primarily used to manage bacterial infections. It belongs to the group of macrolide antibiotics.
It is commonly prescribed for respiratory tract infections such as bronchitis and pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections, dental infections, sexually transmitted diseases, and other conditions.
In children, it is often used for ear and chest infections. It may also be prescribed before dental procedures to prevent infective endocarditis (inflammation of the lining of the heart valves) in high-risk patients. It is also indicated for gastrointestinal infections such as intestinal amebiasis and H. pylori eradication.
Side effects of Erythromycin
Nausea
Vomiting
Abdominal pain
Diarrhoea
Loss of appetite
How Erythromycin works
Erythromycin is a type of macrolide antibiotic.
It works by binding to the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, a part of the cell that produces essential proteins. This action interferes with the peptide elongation process, which is vital for the bacteria to grow and multiply. As a result, Erythromycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis and stops bacterial growth and spread.
Certified content
Written By
BDS, MDS
Reviewed By
Bachelor of Dental Surgery
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Erythromycin is available in various dosage forms for oral and parenteral administration. These include immediate-release and delayed-release tablets and capsules, and intravenous injections.
Age and Dose Restrictions
Erythromycin is intended for use in adults and children, with specific dosages depending on the severity and type of infection. It is essential to consult your doctor for the appropriate dosage and duration of treatment, as it varies from person to person based on their medical condition.
Contraindications
This medicine is contraindicated in individuals with known allergies to Erythromycin.
Patients with a history of liver disease, myasthenia gravis (weakness in the voluntary muscles), or long QT syndrome (heart disorder causing fast, chaotic heartbeats) should not use this medicine.
Other Medications to Avoid
Erythromycin may interact with other medicines such as antifungals (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole), QT-prolonging medications (e.g., quinidine, procainamide), and statins (e.g., lovastatin, simvastatin).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Erythromycin may lead to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhoea. If you observe these symptoms, inform your doctor immediately.
If you forget to take a dose of Erythromycin, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double your dose to make up for the missed one.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects of Erythromycin are temporary and generally harmless, resolving upon the discontinuation of the medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of symptoms, please consult your doctor.
To manage gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea or diarrhoea, try taking the medicine with a meal.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Erythromycin may cause dizziness or confusion in some people. If you feel these effects, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you feel normal again.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Erythromycin is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy and lactation. However, you should consult your doctor before using any medication during these periods.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with liver disease should exercise caution when using Erythromycin, as it can potentially cause liver damage. Similarly, patients with kidney disease may require dose adjustments due to altered drug excretion.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Avoid taking grapefruit products while using this medication.
Take this medication on an empty stomach with a full glass of water approximately 30 minutes to 2 hours before meals, as this increases Erythromycin absorption.
Frequently asked questions
Does Erythromycin Cause Hearing Loss?
While it is rare, Erythromycin can cause reversible hearing loss, especially in older patients. However, this side effect is not common and usually occurs only at high dosages.
Are there any natural alternatives to Erythromycin?
There are no known natural alternatives that have the same efficacy as Erythromycin for managing bacterial infections. It's essential to follow your doctor's advice on medication use.
Does Erythromycin Affect Hormonal Contraceptives?
Erythromycin does not reduce the efficacy of hormonal contraceptives. However, if you are on birth control pills and taking Erythromycin, consult your doctor for advice.
Can I take Erythromycin If I Am Allergic to Penicillin?
Erythromycin is a different class of antibiotic from Penicillin. However, if you have allergies to other antibiotics, inform your doctor before starting Erythromycin.
Do Bacteria Develop Resistance to Erythromycin?
Yes, bacteria can develop resistance to Erythromycin primarily through modification of the 23S rRNA component of the 50S ribosome, making it insensitive to the drug.
How long does Erythromycin stay in the body?
Erythromycin is metabolised by the liver and excreted primarily in the bile and urine. The exact time it stays in the body will vary between individuals, but generally, most of it is excreted within 24 hours.
Is Erythromycin safe for long-term use?
Long-term use of any antibiotic, including Erythromycin, can lead to bacterial resistance, making infections harder to manage. Therefore, Erythromycin should be used only as directed by your doctor.
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