Heparin
Uses of Heparin
The primary use of Heparin is as an anticoagulant for the prevention and management of blood clots in veins, arteries, or lungs. It belongs to the class of medicines called anticoagulants.
Additionally, it is used to prevent clots in individuals at risk, like those on bed rest after surgery or during procedures like dialysis and blood transfusions. Heparin is also used to manage certain clotting disorders, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and to prevent complications from conditions like angina or heart attacks.
Side effects of Heparin
Easy bruising or bleeding
Pain, redness, or irritation at the injection site
Fever and chills
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea
Hair loss with long-term use
How Heparin works
Heparin is an anticoagulant, often referred to as a 'blood thinner'.
It works by binding to and activating a protein called antithrombin III, which inhibits clotting factors known as Xa and thrombin (IIa) in your blood. This action inactivates thrombin, halting the transformation of fibrinogen to fibrin, thereby preventing clot formation.
Certified content
Written By
MD Ayurveda
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Heparin is primarily available as an injectable solution. It is administered either as an intravenous injection (into a vein) or a subcutaneous injection (under the skin).
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is intended to be used for adults. In children, it is advised based on their weight and condition.
Contraindications
Heparin should not be used by individuals who have a high risk of bleeding, such as those with haemophilia, low platelets, or bleeding ulcers.
It is also contraindicated in individuals who have uncontrolled high blood pressure.
Individuals who have had recent brain, eye or spinal cord surgery or injury should avoid using this medicine.
Other Medications to Avoid
Heparin may interact with other anticoagulants (such as warfarin, apixaban, dabigatran), NSAIDs (like aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen) and antiplatelet medicines (like clopidogrel, ticagrelor).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdose of Heparin can result in excessive bleeding. If you experience symptoms like nosebleeds, blood in urine or stool, excessive menstrual bleeding or easy bruising after taking this medicine, seek immediate medical attention.
If you forget to administer a dose of this medicine, do it as soon as you remember. However, if it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve after discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of water can help manage nausea and diarrhoea.
Resting and elevating the area of the injection can help reduce pain or irritation at the site of injection.
Avoiding activities that can cause bruising or injuries can help manage easy bruising or bleeding.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Heparin does not usually affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. However, if you feel dizzy or faint after taking this medicine, avoid these activities.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Heparin is generally considered safe to use during pregnancy as it does not cross the placenta. Small amounts may pass into breast milk but are unlikely to harm a nursing infant. Always consult your doctor before using this medicine during pregnancy and lactation.
Caution in Other Conditions
Individuals with a history of bleeding problems, low platelet count, ulcers, high blood pressure, and liver or kidney disease should exercise caution when taking Heparin.
The use of Heparin may also need to be closely monitored in older adults and people with kidney problems, ulcers, high blood pressure, or recent surgery/trauma.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Maintaining a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals can support overall health while using Heparin.
Regular check-ups with your doctor will help monitor your condition and ensure proper management.
Avoid activities that have a high risk of causing cuts or injuries, as Heparin can increase bleeding risk.
Maintaining good hydration can help manage some side effects, such as nausea or diarrhoea.
Frequently asked questions
Can Heparin influence mood or emotions?
There is no mention in the provided references that Heparin directly affects mood or emotions. However, if you experience unusual mood changes while on Heparin, it is best to discuss this with your doctor.
Is there a vegetarian or vegan version of Heparin available?
Heparin is derived from animal sources, particularly pork. If you follow a vegetarian or vegan diet, discuss this with your doctor to explore alternative medications.
Can I become dependent on Heparin?
Heparin is not known to cause physical or psychological dependence. However, sudden discontinuation might increase the risk of blood clot formation. Always follow your doctor's advice about when and how to stop this medicine.
Can Heparin cause hair loss?
Hair loss can be a side effect of long-term use of Heparin; however, it is relatively rare and usually reversible once the medication is discontinued.
Does long-term usage of Heparin lead to osteoporosis?
With long-term usage, Heparin may potentially cause osteoporosis as one of its side effects.
Does Heparin interact with herbal supplements?
Yes, Heparin interacts with certain herbal supplements like garlic and ginkgo, which might affect the bleeding risk.
Can Heparin be administered at home?
Yes, under the guidance of a doctor, subcutaneous Heparin injections can be administered at home.
Heparin in other salts
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