Tobramycin
Uses of Tobramycin
Tobramycin is primarily used for managing serious bacterial infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms and belongs to the class of aminoglycoside antibiotics.
Secondary uses include the management of conditions like pneumonia, septicemia, bone and joint infections, skin and skin structure infections, urinary tract infections, meningitis, and bacterial conjunctivitis.
Side effects of Tobramycin
Hearing loss and tinnitus
Vertigo and dizziness
Local irritation in eyes (when using an ophthalmic form)
Skin tingling or numbness
Muscle twitching
How Tobramycin works
Tobramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic.
It executes its action by irreversibly attaching to bacterial 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits, which are important components of the protein manufacturing machinery within the bacteria. This inhibits protein synthesis, which is vital for the survival and growth of bacteria. The action of Tobramycin leads to the death of bacteria, making it bactericidal. It displays concentration-dependent killing, meaning the higher the concentration of Tobramycin, the more rapid and effective the eradication of bacteria.
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Written By
Bachelor of Dental Surgery
Reviewed By
Doctor of Medicine
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Tobramycin is available as a solution for administering via intravenous or intramuscular routes (injection) and ophthalmically (eye drops and an ointment)
Age and Dose Restrictions
Tobramycin injections are meant for adults and children of all ages. The ophthalmic solution or ointment is indicated for adults and children above 2 months of age.
Contraindications
Tobramycin is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to any aminoglycoside antibiotic.
Other Medications to Avoid
Tobramycin may interact with nephrotoxic or ototoxic medicines (such as vancomycin and cisplatin) and neuromuscular blocking agents (like succinylcholine and tubocurarine).
Before starting any prescription or over-the-counter medications, it's crucial to consult a doctor
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Tobramycin may cause symptoms such as hearing loss, dizziness, numbness, skin tingling, muscle twitching, or seizures. If you observe these symptoms, inform your doctor and follow their advice.
If you miss a dose of Tobramycin, take it as soon as you remember. But avoid repeating the dose to compensate for the missed one.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of your symptoms, please consult your doctor.
To manage local irritation due to ophthalmic preparations, rinse your eyes with clean water at room temperature.
Ensure you are drinking plenty of water to counteract the effects of kidney toxicity.
Rest and relaxation can help manage the side effects of dizziness or vertigo.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Tobramycin may affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. Avoid driving or operating machinery if you feel dizzy or have other side effects, such as blurred vision or difficulty focusing.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Tobramycin should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefit outweighs the risk. Tobramycin is excreted in human milk, so caution should be exercised when administering it to nursing mothers.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with renal impairment or neuromuscular disorders such as myasthenia gravis or Parkinson's disease should exercise caution when taking Tobramycin.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Try to avoid close contact with people who have bacterial infections to reduce the risk of transmission.
Practise good hygiene habits such as regular hand washing and keeping personal items clean to prevent bacterial infections.
If you are using Tobramycin ophthalmic preparations, avoid using contact lenses unless instructed otherwise by your doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Do I need to monitor any body function while taking Tobramycin?
Yes, it is recommended to monitor renal and auditory function while on a course of Tobramycin. This helps to avoid potential side effects like ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.
Can Tobramycin cause changes in mood?
There is no direct evidence to suggest that Tobramycin can cause mood changes. However, if you experience any unusual symptoms, consult your doctor.
What will happen if I suddenly stop using Tobramycin?
Abruptly discontinuing the use of Tobramycin can lead to a recurrence of the infection. Always consult your doctor before stopping the medication.
Are there any natural alternatives to Tobramycin?
Natural alternatives may have antibacterial properties; however, their effectiveness compared to Tobramycin is uncertain. Consult your doctor before deciding on any alternative treatments.
Can I take Tobramycin with my regular diet?
Yes, you can take Tobramycin with your regular diet unless otherwise advised by your doctor.
Can I purchase Tobramycin over the counter?
Tobramycin is typically not available over the counter and requires a prescription. Its use needs to be guided by a healthcare professional due to potential side effects and medicine interactions.
How long do I need to be on Tobramycin therapy?
The duration of treatment with Tobramycin depends on the type and severity of the infection, as well as your individual response to treatment. Your doctor will determine the appropriate length of your treatment course.
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