Infections

Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). It can cause painful blisters or sores on and around the genitals, rectum, and mouth. It is spread through skin-to-skin contact with an infected person. Two main types of HSV cause genital herpes: HSV-1 and HSV-2.

Amoebiasis is a gastrointestinal infection caused by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica, which is transmitted through contaminated food and water. The infection can cause a range of symptoms, from mild to severe, and can lead to complications if left untreated. Proper hygiene and sanitation practices are essential in preventing the spread of amoebiasis.

Influenza, or flu, is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses that affects the nose, throat, and lungs. It can range from mild to severe and is accompanied by symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle or body aches, headaches, and fatigue. The flu spreads easily from person to person through respiratory droplets and can lead to serious complications, especially in vulnerable groups.

Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis. It primarily affects the skin, nerves, and mucous membranes, leading to the development of disfiguring sores and nerve damage if left untreated. Although rare, leprosy still exists today, with approximately 200,000 people worldwide infected, mainly in Asia and Africa.

Yeast infections, caused by an overgrowth of the Candida fungus, are common and can affect various body parts. Symptoms vary depending on the type of infection but often include itching, burning, redness, and discharge. Treatment options are available, and prevention strategies can help reduce the risk of developing yeast infections.

Malaria is a severe, potentially life-threatening disease caused by a parasite transmitted through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. It is a significant public health issue in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, with symptoms ranging from fever and chills to more severe complications such as organ failure and cerebral malaria. Prompt medical attention is crucial for timely diagnosis and effective treatment.

Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious viral illness caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It is characterised by an itchy rash with fluid-filled blisters, fever, loss of appetite, and headaches. While usually mild in children, chickenpox can cause more serious complications in teens and adults. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent the spread of this disease.

Bacterial infections are caused by the invasion and multiplication of harmful bacteria in the body. These infections can affect various organs and systems, leading to various symptoms. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment, often with antibiotics, are crucial for managing bacterial infections effectively.

Herpes Labialis, also recognised as cold sores or fever blisters, is a viral infection caused by herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1). It mainly affects the lips and the area around the mouth, causing painful blisters and sores. The virus is highly contagious and can be spread through close personal contact, such as kissing.

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) infection is a viral condition that weakens the body's immune system by attacking white blood cells called CD4 cells. If untreated, HIV can progress to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), the most advanced stage of the infection. HIV is transmitted through the exchange of bodily fluids, such as semen, blood, vaginal fluid, and breast milk, with an infected person.